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inttrh tatrs" @anni @Hiren, n. HAvNns, on HANOVER, new HAMPSHIRE. Leners Para.: No. 72,036, meemaakte 1o, v123675.

IMPROVEMENT IN HTGH-LI'NING DRAWINGS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAX GONOERN:

Be it known that I, K. HAYNES, of Hanover, in the county. of Grafton, and 4State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improved Instrument for Hatch-Lining Drawings; and I do hereby declare that `the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is a description of my inventionsuticient to enable those skilled in the art to practise it.

In shadowing mechanical drawings, `draughtsmen resort to the employment of parallel lines to denoe cut surfaces or sections, sometimes known as hatching and where large surfaces are to be thus hatchedf it is 4quite tedious and very trying to the eyes to give the lines an e'quidistance, or even to make them truly parallel, especially if a short scale or straight-edge be used without a T-square.

Thev object of my invention is to provide an instrument by 'which the manipulationof the hand, or of a finger of the hand, effects a rapid, uniform, Vand parallel movement of the-straight-edge to space the lin'es,.with out any skill of thel eye or of the hand, other than that the latter is simply required to depress a lever after each line is drawn, to bring the straight-edgea into proper position for drawing the next line.

My invention maybe set forth as consisting, primarily, in combining with a straight-edge or scale, a mechanism by which an intermittent uniform movement ofthe edge is effected. t

The drawings represent a'device embodying my invention,l A showing a plan; B, a. rear elevation; C, an end view, and D, a vertical section on the line :z: w. l "et denotes the -plate or scale, the front edge (a b of which constitutes the straight-edge, along which the pen is drawn in making each line upon the surface of the paper underl the scale. At the rear part of this piece a, isan extension, c, carried above the platea, as seen at D, and'on the under side of this extension,I at its opposite ends, are bearings d, in which runs and is supported c. long shaft, e, having ixed upon or near its ends, milled or toothed wheels'or rollsf of equal diameter. This shaft 'also bears, preferably at or' near its centre, alratchet or feed-wheel, g, into or against which'a suitable pawl or pawls, 7L, engage, such pawl or pawls being hung from a lever, z', (about midway thereof,) and being held up to the wheel g by a spring or' springs, ki This lever is fulcrumed-at one end, as seen at Z, and its opposite or free end may have a thumb orjngerpiecc, m, projecting from it, as seen at A. The lever passes through a guide, n, and is pressed upwards by a spring, o. The rolls f, and the straightfedge, rest upon the surface of the paper to be lined, and depression of the lever t' forces the` pawls downward, this movement of the pawls effecting a rotative movement of the ratchet-wheel and the rolls, and a corresponding rear movement of the straight-edge over the paper, the extent of this latter movement being' contingent upon the extent 'of movement of the lever. The downward movement of the lever is arrested by its free end, or a projectionftherefrom, striking the surface of the plate c, and in its upward movementg (e'ected by the spring 0,) it brings up against au adjusting-sowing). From this it will be seen that at each depression of the lever, the straight-edge falls bacl; a fixed distance, (its opposite ends having the same 4move,- ment,) thus making a parallel' and equal distribution ofthe lines made bythe drawing-pen. In using the instrument, the thumb or a finger of one vhand isplaced upon the end m of thelever, and a finger or thumb upon some\part ofthe plate a, or the plate u, to steady the instrument upon the -paper. `One line being then drawn by guiding the pen along the edge b by the other hand, the lever is depressed, moving the edge b, as before stated, and the next line is similarly drawn. The lever having been raised by its spring, is again depressed, the straight-edge b I) is again moved the same distance as before, another line parallel to the others is drawn, this operation being-repeated until any desired extent of surface is shaded.- To make the movement ofthe straight-edge greaterv or less, the adjusting-screw? is turned up or down to regulate the extent of play ofthe lever. To make parallel lines angular to th'e edge b b,- a tongue, q, may be used, `this tongue being confined to the plate a by a nut and screw, r, and having a slot, s, which permits the tongue to be'slid back upon ,the scale a,as shown at A, or out therefrom at any angle, as shown by the red lines, the feed movement ofthe edge being effected as already described.

To draw radial lines, an attachment may be used as follows: -At one end of the plate d is a b loek, t,in which is mounted a holder, u., carrying a centre-pin, o, this holder having a suitable mechanism for depressing the-pin o, so that the point of the pin shall enter the paper, and for lifting it out of contact with .the paper. In connection therewith, is a mechanism for carrying a roll, w, down to the surface of` the paper, andfr lifting the adjacent roll from the paper, this roll w being arranged to travel in a circle from the centre,.v.l A nut and screw, y, may be nsedfor effecting the elevation and depression of the centre-pin'and the roll, or either of them, (this nut having a groove into which extensions from the -holder u, and from tbe roll-holder, project,) or these movements may be effected by any other suitable mechanism. The centre-pin being depressed, and tbe feedlever being worked, as before described, it will be obvious that the edge b b will assume positions radiating from the centre, v, the lines drawn' being uniformly distant. and being made greater or less distant by movement of the a-.djusting-sclew p.

I claim at staigbt-edge or scale, having' a. mechanism for effecting an intermittent movement of the same, substantially as described.

Also, in combination,therewith, the tongue g, for angular lining, substantially as described.

Also, in combination with the feed-mechanism, a mechanism for presenting the straight-edge in positions radiating from a centre, substantially as set forth.

E. K. HAYNES.

vWitnesses: f

J. B. CROSBY, FRANCIS GoULD. 

